Alcohol affects the body and mind, including a
person's motor function and judgment abilities.
It also effects a
person's emotions. Over time, excessive alcohol use can damage the
liver and change the brain. Long-term effects may include memory loss,
the inability concentrate, and difficulty focusing. Chronic use also
results in a person's tolerance level, in that he or she must use
larger quantities to reach the desired effects. Upon cessation, a
person with alcohol dependence may experience tremors and other
unpleasant side effects.
There is no definition or set of symptoms that defines every person
with alcohol dependence. However, some general signs may indicate a
problem. In addition to the signs mentioned above, these also include
nervousness, shaking, irritability, and nausea when use stops suddenly.
Other signs include frequently drinking alone, early in the day,
consuming large quantities of alcohol or over a longer timeframe than
planned, and the inability to quit drinking. Many people suffering from
alcoholism experience difficulty maintaining their daily
responsibilities and disregard for the consequences of their drinking.
The causes of alcoholism are not entirely clear, although it is likely
that it may have a genetic or inherited component. Drinking from an
early age and engaging in social events involving alcohol may also
contribute. People with a history of certain conditions may also be
more susceptible, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), conduct disorders, and personality disorders.
Treatments for alcoholism vary, but most professionals agree that it is
important that the person admit that he or she has a problem. Sobriety
is then necessary, and can be achieved through support groups such as
Alcoholics Anonymous, counseling, and medication if necessary.
