Sedatives fall into two main categories, barbiturates and benzodiazepines. Barbiturates are dangerous in that the amount required to help a person sleep and the amount that is fatal is very close. Benzodiazepines can be dangerous when not used according to directions or when used in combination with other substances such as alcohol.

Addiction to sedatives is both physical and psychological. This means that there are physical dependencies in addition to feeling as though one cannot function without using the drugs. The body will react when the drugs are no longer present. In this case, withdrawal symptoms can be deadly. Sedatives alter brain chemistry and make the user feel good. To deal with the symptoms of withdrawal, addicted persons will use more of the drug. Some people may be at a greater risk of developing addiction, such as those with a family history of drug abuse. Depression or anxiety can also lead to dependence, as can prolonged use of the drugs. Withdrawal symptoms are varied and may include shakiness, trouble sleeping, nausea, hallucinations, seizures, tremors, and cravings for more drugs.

Treatment for sedative addiction is a serious matter and must be done under medical supervision as withdrawal can be life threatening. Health care practitioners gradually reduce the amount of drugs in a person's body while he or she is in a hospital. From there, abstinence from drug use is required. Additional treatment measures including support groups such as Narcotics Anonymous and counseling can also be helpful. Remaining drug-free is a lifelong process.